Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic resistance in the province of Şanliurfa and to observe any differences.

Material and methods: The study comprised 107 children who presented at the pediatric polyclinic with complaints of urinary tract infection, were diagnosed with urinary tract infection and whose urine cultures exhibited proliferation. The patients were analyzed with respect to the frequency of proliferating pathogens, sensitivity to the antibiotics used and the rates of developed resistance to the antibiotics.

Results: A total of 107 patients aged between 1 year and 15 years were included in the study, encompassing 14 (13.1%) males and 93 (86.9%) females. According to the urine culture results, proliferation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was observed in 69 (64.5%) patients, Klebsiella in 13 (12.1%) patients, Proteus mirabilis in 9 (8.4%) patients, Staphylococcus aureus in 5 (4.7%) patients, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5 (4.7%) patients, Acinetobacter in 3 (2.8%) patients and Enterococcus spp in 3 (2.8%) patients. For proliferating E. coli, high resistance rates to ceftriaxone (39.5%), nitrofurantoin (19.7%), ampicillin-sulbactam (64.1%), co-tri­moxazole (41.5%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (51.7%) and cefuroxime (38.1%) were observed. Beginning with ampicillin-sulbactam and followed by amoxicillin-clavulanate, co-trimoxazole, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and cefoxitin, resistance to agents that reduce all proliferating micro-organisms was determined. The most effective agents were determined to be imipenem, sulperazone, quinolone and aminoglycosides.

Conclusion: In our region, the parenteral antibiotics that should be selected for the empirical treatment of all age groups are the aminoglycosides and 3rd generation cephalosporines. In contrast to other studies, these results suggest that co-trimoxazole should be used for children aged 0-1, and 2nd generation cephalo­sporins should be used for the oral treatment of children aged 1-5 due to the low rate of resistance to nitro­furantoin in patients aged over 5 years.