Abstract

Introduction: Prostate neoplasm is an important health problem, which is especially common in older age

men. Although the standard treatment of metastatic prostate neoplasm is androgen ablation, the resistance to

the treatment will develop in most of the patients, in time. There is no efficient treatment modality for these

patients. It is required to determine the changes in prostate cancer cells to prevent the development of

treatment resistance.

Androgens are important in prostate development, and the androgen ablation and receptor blockade are

effective treatment modalities in prostate cancer. For these reasons, it is inevitable for androgen receptors to

play a role in the development of resistance to hormonal treatment. Since prostate cancer is a heterogeneous

disease, it is necessary to investigate the different mechanisms which may have a role in e disease progression.